Elixir Pattern Matching Tutorial
From ElixirBlocks
Use Pattern Matching as a Replacement for Conditional Statements
In most programming languages conditional if/else statements are used to program branched actions in a program. In Elixir, it is considered "idiomatic" to use pattern patching in place of conditional statements.
If you are learning Elixir after learning another programming language, you may be tempted to use if/else conditional statements. In Elixir, resist this temptation and instead default to using pattern matching.
The most comprehensive tutorial I've found on the topic is here: